1. UNDERSTANDING HEALTH, SAFETY AND SECURITY OF EMPLOYMENT
The term health, safety, and security are inextricably linked. The term is broader and more subtle is the term “health”. Which refers to the physical, mental, and emotional stability in general. According to the health legislation is meant by “health” is a prosperous state of body, soul, and the social that allows every person to live a socially and economically productive. “Security,” according to Indonesian dictionary is a state of security, tranquility, maintain (maintain) order. “Safety” refers to the protection of one’s physical wellbeing. According to Indonesian dictionary is a matter of (state) survived, prosperity, happiness and sebagainnya. So is the health, safety and job security are the supervision of people, machines, materials, and methods that include the working environment so that workers do not experience injury.
b. The basics of occupational safety and health
1. Every worker is entitled to obtain collateral for safety to avoid accidents.
2. Any person residing in the workplace should be guaranteed safety.
3. The place is always guaranteed to work in a safe condition.
c. The efforts in the protection of labor
Government fostering employment protection that includes:
1. Safety norms.
2. Norma occupational health and Higene company or Hiperkes.
3. Norma’s work.
4. The award of compensation and rehabilitation care in terms of workplace accidents.
2. SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF HEALTH, SAFETY, and security WORK
a. K3 Management Objectives
1. As a means to achieve health kerjayang as high, both laborers, farmers, fishermen, civil servants or workers free.
2. Ssebagai disease prevention efforts and the insurgency and accidents caused by work, maintenance and improvement of health and nutrition tenagan work, care and enhance efficiency and productivity of human resources, combating fatigue and increasing excitement and enjoyment of work.
b. K3 disorder prevention procedures
As stated in the sense of K3, the K3 is intended to guarantee the physical and spiritual perfection of labor and work and job security aims to prevent and reduce terjadiinya accidents and occupational disease, and ensure:
1. That every labor and others kerjja places are safe and healthy.
2. That each source of production used safely and efficiently.
3. That the production process to run smoothly.
3. EMPLOYMENT SECURITY
a. Job security regulations
Basic principle of job security in cetuskan in the book of the law of civil law with a provision that requires companies to manage and maintain room, den tool furnishings, where he had to do the work of its employees in such a way, so did the do the job by having the rule- rules and give instructions so that workers are protected from dangers that mengncam body honor and object-object.
Sanctions against non-fulfillment of those obligations is obliged to indemnify the company that struck the worker in the work.
Regulations containing the rules aimed at safeguarding workers from the danger of accidents, called job security regulations.
b. Matters relating to security
Forms of security problems in the company not only lies in its human error, but also made possible by other factors that are technical or non technical.
Technical factors, among others:
1. Disorder-disorder such as the exit jam
2. Shedding like chemicals
3. Maintenance errors, such as electrical cable peeling
4. Poor lighting
5. Shelves Unsafe
6. Accident
7. Fires that may occur due to mechanical faults and operational procedures.
Factors that are non-technical, antaralain:
1. Crime for example: theft, robbery, hold-up, etc..
2. Natural disasters eg earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, landslides, etc..
3. Bomb threat, a bomb blast.
c. Prevention and mitigation of threats and security disturbances or safety.
Antaralain prevention measures as follows:
1. Use protective for example: safety glasses, gloves, shoes, helem, clothing, and equipment accordingly.
2. Do not use the wrong equipment.
3. Reported damage to equipment or machinery.
4. Understanding how to operate the or using equipment or machines.
5. Understanding the warning signs of danger in the workplace and in public places.
4. SAFETY
a. The purpose of safety
1. Every labor and other persons who are at work to get protection for their safety.
2. Each source of production can be used and used safely and efisisen.
3. The production process runs smoothly.
b. The types of workplace hazards
1. Shot of fire, hot water, steam, gas
2. Harmful dust
3. Environmental pollution both smoke and dangerous gases
4. Touch of electricity
5. Fire
6. Blasting
7. Spillage of chemicals that can cause partiikel-particles, such materials may be harmful to the human body.
8. Damage to machinery, equipment and building materials
9. Tool or security guards, etc..
c. Cause / factor of the accident:
1. Participation of the management / leadership of the company in the implementation of occupational safety and lack of attention or lack of awareness and knowledge of the role of the importance of K3.
2. Human factors or in this case workers.
3. Working conditions and environmental factors.
d. Prevention of accidents
Prevention of accidents can be done by programming the integrated coordination of various activities, targeted surveillance based on “the attitudes, knowledge and abilities.”
5. HEALTH WORK
Health work is intended as technical protection or job security (safety), as well as efforts to prevent occupational disease. What should I know about the emergence of a disease and various infections caused by work and the scope of occupational health.
a. Occupational health factors
1. Work load
The workload is the placement of one’s labor for the right jobs, or election workers to work the match as well. Appropriate degree of suitability of a placement include experience, skills, motivation etc..
2. Extra expense or work environment
In addition to the workload of a direct result of real work. A job is usually done in one environment or situation that resulted in an additional burden on the physical and spiritual labor. These factors cause an additional burden of physical classes (sound, temperature, etc.), glongan chemical (solid, liquid, in air), class of biological (viruses, bacteria, insects, etc.), class physiology / ergonomics (muscle pain, back pain, pungung injury), group psychology (monotoni, labor relations are not good, pay less, etc..).
3. Work capacity
The ability of a person who can affect work capacity.
1. The higher the work skills possessed more efficient work.
2. Physical fitness and spiritual
3. Nutrient levels, especially for workers and heavy crude
4. Men and women differ in their physical abilities, and strength of muscle work, etc..
b. Appearances themselves against environmental problems K3
Important things to consider in the supervision and safety:
1. Worker / employee
2. Appearance self and work
3. Working environment or workplace
Occupational health efforts for workers include:
1. Entered the health of the prospective employee selection
2. Routine medical examinations of employees
3. Periodic immunization against specific diseases
4. Regular exercise (calisthenics, walking, swimming, etc.)
5. Get plenty of rest
6. Improving the nutritional well-being, and a good lifestyle for workers in accordance with the standards required
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